PSCI 2074
Final Examination
KEY CONCEPTS
Pre-Midterm
Antecedent
Variable
Dependent
Variable
Directional
Hypothesis
Independent
Variable
Intervening
Variable
Negative
Relationship
Positive
Relationship
Unit
of Analysis
Level
of Measurement
Nominal
Measurement
Ordinal
Measurement
Interval
Measurement
Ratio
Measurement
Validity
Reliability
Research
Design
Experiment
Cross-sectional Design
Time
Series Design
Sample
Element
Population
Sample
Statistic
Estimator
Statistical
Inference
Probability
Sample
Simple
Random Sample
Stratified
Sample
Cluster
Sample
Expected
Value
Margin
of Error
Confidence
Level
Frequency
Distribution
Cumulative
Frequencies
Central
Tendency
Mean
Median
Mode
Dispersion
Range
Interquartile
Range
Mean
deviation
Standard
deviation
Variance
Normal
Distribution
Standard
Normal Distribution
Z-score
Descriptive
Statistics
Inferential
Statistics
Crosstabulation
(Bivariate Frequency Distribution):
Cell (Observed) frequencies
Marginal frequencies
Expected frequencies
Row percents
Column percents
Total percents
Alpha level
Degrees of Freedom
Measures
of Association:
Phi
Cramer’s V
Lambda
Gamma
Tau b
Tau c
Somer’s d
Pearson Product Moment Correlation
Computing formulas:
Concordant Pairs
Discordant Pairs
Tied Pairs
Operationalizing
Cause and Effect:
Temporal Sequence
Constant Conjunction
Absence of Alternative Explanation
3 Way
Crosstabs
Spurious
Correlation
Control
Effects (5 R’s):
Replicating
Reducing
Revealing
Refining
Reversing
Relative
Effects
Conjoint
Effects
Odds
Odds
Ration
Logit
(Log of the Odds Ratio)
Linear
Regression:
Intercept
Slope
Explained Variance
Unexplained Variance
R-squared
Difference
of Means (t-tests)
Analysis
of Variance (ANOVA)